Urinary incontinence, also known as a leaky bladder, is common both during and after the menopausal transition. Despite its frequency, incontinence is not something you simply have to live with. Learn more about what you can do to manage a leaky bladder.*

How does menopause affect bladder control?

The fluctuations in the hormone estrogen that occur during perimenopause and the consistent lower levels that continue after menopause is reached, often lead to well-known symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, changes in sex life, and mood swings. 

There are other symptoms, however, that aren’t always talked about as openly. Estrogen has numerous functions in the body. One of those is helping to keep the pelvic floor and bladder strong. As estrogen levels decrease, vaginal tissues become more rigid and thin, and the muscles in the pelvic floor can weaken. This can make it more difficult for you to control your bladder.

Urinary incontinence can affect anyone, but certain factors can increase your chances. These include:

• previously giving birth
• having multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, or other neurological disorder
• taking certain medications
• drinking alcohol or caffeine
• eating spicy, acidic, or sugary foods

How to treat urinary incontinence

There are different types of incontinence, and depending on which type you have, your doctor may suggest certain treatments over others. Here are five options they may discuss with you:

• Pelvic floor exercises. Sometimes your doctor may refer you to a physical therapist who might recommend Kegel exercises or an electronic device to stimulate the muscles in the pelvic floor.
• Hormone replacement therapy. Hormone therapy can be helpful for some people, especially if they are having other menopause-related symptoms. 
• Prescription medication. Depending on your overall health, your doctor may prescribe anticholinergics, mirabegron, or another medication used to treat urinary incontinence.
• A pessary. A pessary is a small device inserted into the vagina that can help keep the bladder in place.
• Surgery. If all other treatment options have failed to help, your doctor may suggest surgery. There are various procedures available, and the type of incontinence you’re experiencing will determine which one is recommended.

Urinary incontinence is a common, but treatable, symptom of menopause and perimenopause. Your doctor can help you navigate your options and choose one that’s right for you.

*National Association for Continence. (2022). Menopause and Incontinence. Retrieved September 29, 2022, from https://www.nafc.org/bhealth-blog/menopause-and-incontinence

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